Difference between revisions of "Gay Liberation Front"

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[[File:Gay_liberation_1970_poster.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Gay Liberation Front poster from 1970]]
 
[[File:Gay_liberation_1970_poster.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Gay Liberation Front poster from 1970]]
  
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In the United Kingdom the '''Gay Liberation Front''' (GLF) had its first meeting in the basement of the London School of Economics on 13 October 1970. Bob Mellors and Aubrey Walter had seen the effect of the GLF in the United States and created a parallel movement based on revolutionary politics and alternative lifestyle.
+
In the United Kingdom the '''Gay Liberation Front''' (GLF) had its first meeting in the basement of the [[London School of Economics]] on 13 October 1970. [[Bob Mellors]] and [[Aubrey Walter]] had seen the effect of the GLF in the United States and created a parallel movement based on revolutionary politics and alternative lifestyle.
  
−
By 1971 the UK GLF was recognized as a political movement in the national press, holding weekly meetings of 200 to 300 people. The GLF Manifesto was published, and a series of high-profile direct actions, were carried out, such as the disruption of the launch of the Church-based morality campaign, Festival of Light.
+
By 1971 the UK GLF was recognized as a political movement in the national press, holding weekly meetings of 200 to 300 people. The GLF Manifesto was published, and a series of high-profile direct actions, were carried out, such as the disruption of the launch of the Church-based morality campaign, [[Festival of Light]].
  
 
:We do not intend to ask for anything. We intend to stand firm and assert our basic rights. If this involves violence, it will not be we who initiate this, but those who attempt to stand in our way to freedom.
 
:We do not intend to ask for anything. We intend to stand firm and assert our basic rights. If this involves violence, it will not be we who initiate this, but those who attempt to stand in our way to freedom.
 
:— ''GLF Manifesto, 1971''
 
:— ''GLF Manifesto, 1971''
  
−
The disruption of the opening of the 1971 Festival of Light was the best organised GLF action. The Festival of Light was organised by Mary Whitehouse at Methodist Central Hall, and included Cliff Richard and Malcolm Muggeridge. Groups of GLF members in drag invaded and spontaneously kissed each other; others released mice, sounded horns and unveiled banners, and a contingent dressed as workmen obtained access to the basement and shut off the lights.
+
The disruption of the opening of the 1971 Festival of Light was the best organised GLF action. The Festival of Light was organised by [[Mary Whitehouse]] at Methodist Central Hall, and included Cliff Richard and Malcolm Muggeridge. Groups of GLF members in drag invaded and spontaneously kissed each other; others released mice, sounded horns and unveiled banners, and a contingent dressed as workmen obtained access to the basement and shut off the lights.
  
−
Easter 1972 saw the '''Gay Lib annual conference''' held in the Guild of Undergraduates Union (students union) building at the University of Birmingham.
+
Easter 1972 saw the '''Gay Lib annual conference''' held in the Guild of Undergraduates Union (students union) building at the [[University of Birmingham]].
  
−
By 1974 internal disagreements and lead to the movement splintering. Organisations that span off from the movement included the [[London Lesbian and Gay Switchboard]], [[Gay News]] and [[Icebreakers]]. The '''GLF Information Service''' continued for a few further years providing gay related resources. GLF branches had been set up in some other British cities (e.g. Bristol, Leeds, Bradford) and some survived for a few years longer.
+
By 1974 internal disagreements and lead to the movement splintering. Organisations that span off from the movement included the [[London Lesbian and Gay Switchboard]], [[Gay News]] and [[Icebreakers]]. The '''GLF Information Service''' continued for a few further years providing gay related resources. GLF branches had been set up in some other British cities (eg [[Bristol]], [[Leeds]], [[Bradford]]) and some survived for a few years longer.
  
−
The papers of the GLF are among the [[Hall Carpenter Archives]].
+
The papers of the GLF are among the [[Hall-Carpenter Archives]]. GLF produced a newsletter/newspaper called [[Come Together]]. Issue one was two sides of A4 and appeared in 1970. The final issue was number 16 <ref> Hall Carpenter Archives have all issues except number 3 in HCA/Journals2536. Bishopsgate Institute have digitalised issues 2-16 https://www.bishopsgate.org.uk/collections/come-together-gay-liberation-front (accessed 2 Dec 2021) </ref>. Some in the GLF promoted the idea of [[pedophilia]] being acceptable and some issues of Come Together reflect their views. [[File:Cometogetherbubbles.JPG|thumb|left| image in Come Together issue 15 (LSE Archives)]]
  
−
Several members of the GLF including [[Peter Tatchell]] continued their campaigning beyond the 1970s under the banner of OutRage! which still exists today, using similar tactics such as 'zaps' and performance protest to attract a significant level of media interest and controversy. It was at this point the emergence of a divide within the gay activist movement occurred mainly due to a difference in ideologies, after which a number of groups including [[Organisation for Lesbian and Gay Action]] (OLGA), [[Stonewall]] (which focused on lobby tactics), the [[Lesbian Avengers]] and [[OutRage!]] co-existed.
+
Several members of the GLF including [[Peter Tatchell]] continued their campaigning beyond the 1970s under the banner of OutRage! which still exists today, using similar tactics such as 'zaps' and performance protest to attract a significant level of media interest and controversy. It was at this point the emergence of a divide within the gay activist movement occurred mainly due to a difference in ideologies, after which a number of groups including [[Organisation for Lesbian and Gay Action]] (OLGA), [[Stonewall Equality Limited]] (which focused on lobby tactics), the [[Lesbian Avengers]] and [[OutRage!]] co-existed.
  
 +
==GLF outside London==
 +
''Gay News'' issue 1 (June 1972) listed the following groups outside London:
 +
{{columns-list|3|
 +
*[[Aberystwyth]] GLF
 +
*[[Bath Gay Awareness]]
 +
*[[Bedfordshire]] GLF
 +
*[[Birmingham]] GLF
 +
*[[Brighton]] GLF
 +
*[[Belfast]] GLF
 +
*[[Bradford]] GLF
 +
*[[Canterbury]] Gay Lib Society
 +
*[[Chelmsford]] GLF
 +
*[[Cheltenham]] GLF
 +
*[[Essex University GLF]]
 +
*[[Derby]] GLF
 +
*[[Edinburgh]] GLF
 +
*[[Durham]] GLF
 +
*[[Harrow]] GLF <ref> Harrow Observer 21 Apr 1972 advertisement for Harrow GLF meeting Mondays </ref>.
 +
*[[Higham Ferrers]] GLF
 +
*[[Hull]] GLF
 +
*[[Lancaster]] GLF
 +
*[[Keele]] Gay Lib Society
 +
*[[Leeds]] GLF
 +
*[[Leicester]] GLF
 +
*[[Manchester]] GLF
 +
*[[Newcastle Upon Tyne]] GLF
 +
*[[Norwich]] GLF
 +
*[[Oxford]] GLF
 +
*[[Reading]] GLF
 +
*[[Sheffield]] GLF
 +
*[[Southend]] GLF
 +
*[[Swansea]] GLF
 +
}}
 +
 +
==Further reading==
 +
 +
<cite>[[No Bath but Plenty of Bubbles]]</cite>, an Oral History of the Gay Liberation Front, 1970–73, by [[Lisa Power]]. Cassell, 1995, ISBN 0-304-33205-4.
 +
<cite> [[Blowing the Lid; Gay Liberation, Sexual Revolution and Radical Queens]]</cite>, by [[Stuart Feather]]. Zero Books, Winchester UK,2015, ISBN 978 1 78535 143 3.
  
 
== External links ==
 
== External links ==
Line 24: Line 62:
  
 
''A brief history of the Gay Liberation Front, 1970-73''<br>http://libcom.org/library/brief-history-gay-liberation-front-1970-73
 
''A brief history of the Gay Liberation Front, 1970-73''<br>http://libcom.org/library/brief-history-gay-liberation-front-1970-73
 +
 +
Dr [[Clifford Williams]] talking about the GLF on the 50th Anniversary in 2020''<br>https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/p08v45nc
 +
 +
== References ==
  
 
[[Category:Organisations]]
 
[[Category:Organisations]]
 
[[Category:Campaigning groups]]
 
[[Category:Campaigning groups]]

Latest revision as of 13:16, 6 September 2024

From Wikipedia

Gay Liberation Front poster from 1970

In the United Kingdom the Gay Liberation Front (GLF) had its first meeting in the basement of the London School of Economics on 13 October 1970. Bob Mellors and Aubrey Walter had seen the effect of the GLF in the United States and created a parallel movement based on revolutionary politics and alternative lifestyle.

By 1971 the UK GLF was recognized as a political movement in the national press, holding weekly meetings of 200 to 300 people. The GLF Manifesto was published, and a series of high-profile direct actions, were carried out, such as the disruption of the launch of the Church-based morality campaign, Festival of Light.

We do not intend to ask for anything. We intend to stand firm and assert our basic rights. If this involves violence, it will not be we who initiate this, but those who attempt to stand in our way to freedom.
— GLF Manifesto, 1971

The disruption of the opening of the 1971 Festival of Light was the best organised GLF action. The Festival of Light was organised by Mary Whitehouse at Methodist Central Hall, and included Cliff Richard and Malcolm Muggeridge. Groups of GLF members in drag invaded and spontaneously kissed each other; others released mice, sounded horns and unveiled banners, and a contingent dressed as workmen obtained access to the basement and shut off the lights.

Easter 1972 saw the Gay Lib annual conference held in the Guild of Undergraduates Union (students union) building at the University of Birmingham.

By 1974 internal disagreements and lead to the movement splintering. Organisations that span off from the movement included the London Lesbian and Gay Switchboard, Gay News and Icebreakers. The GLF Information Service continued for a few further years providing gay related resources. GLF branches had been set up in some other British cities (eg Bristol, Leeds, Bradford) and some survived for a few years longer.

The papers of the GLF are among the Hall-Carpenter Archives. GLF produced a newsletter/newspaper called Come Together. Issue one was two sides of A4 and appeared in 1970. The final issue was number 16 [1]. Some in the GLF promoted the idea of pedophilia being acceptable and some issues of Come Together reflect their views.
image in Come Together issue 15 (LSE Archives)

Several members of the GLF including Peter Tatchell continued their campaigning beyond the 1970s under the banner of OutRage! which still exists today, using similar tactics such as 'zaps' and performance protest to attract a significant level of media interest and controversy. It was at this point the emergence of a divide within the gay activist movement occurred mainly due to a difference in ideologies, after which a number of groups including Organisation for Lesbian and Gay Action (OLGA), Stonewall Equality Limited (which focused on lobby tactics), the Lesbian Avengers and OutRage! co-existed.

GLF outside London

Gay News issue 1 (June 1972) listed the following groups outside London:

Further reading

No Bath but Plenty of Bubbles, an Oral History of the Gay Liberation Front, 1970–73, by Lisa Power. Cassell, 1995, ISBN 0-304-33205-4. Blowing the Lid; Gay Liberation, Sexual Revolution and Radical Queens, by Stuart Feather. Zero Books, Winchester UK,2015, ISBN 978 1 78535 143 3.

External links

Guardian The Gay Liberation Front's social revolution
http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/oct/12/gay-liberation-front-social-revolution

A brief history of the Gay Liberation Front, 1970-73
http://libcom.org/library/brief-history-gay-liberation-front-1970-73

Dr Clifford Williams talking about the GLF on the 50th Anniversary in 2020
https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/p08v45nc

References

  1. ↑ Hall Carpenter Archives have all issues except number 3 in HCA/Journals2536. Bishopsgate Institute have digitalised issues 2-16 https://www.bishopsgate.org.uk/collections/come-together-gay-liberation-front (accessed 2 Dec 2021)
  2. ↑ Harrow Observer 21 Apr 1972 advertisement for Harrow GLF meeting Mondays
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