Winston Churchill

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (1874–1975) was a British writer and statesman, who led Britain to victory in the Second World War.

A descendent of the Duke of Marlborough, he was born at Blenheim Palace. As a young cavalry officer he took part in a cavalry charge. As a war correspondent he escaped from a prisoner of war camp in the Boer War. He entered parliament as a Conservative in 1900 but switched to the Liberal Party in 1904. During the First World War he served as First Lord of the Admiralty. In 1924 he re-joined the Conservative Party and became Chancellor of the Exchequer, but from 1929 he was out of office and became estranged from the Conservative leadership. On the outbreak of war in 1939 he was brought into the Government in his old job at the Admiralty. When Chamberlain resigned in 1940, Churchill became Prime Minister, in which role he was an inspiring leader. Defeated in the 1945 election, he was Prime Minister again from 1941 to 1945. He wrote many books, and received the Nobel Prize for literature.

In 1895 he was accused of "having committed acts of gross immorality of the Oscar Wilde type while a cadet at Sandhurst. Churchill sued the accuser for defamation and was awarded £400 in damages.