View source for Campaign for Homosexual Equality

[[File:CHElogo.png|thumb|CHE logo]]The '''Campaign for Homosexual Equality''' ('''CHE''') is one of the oldest gay rights organisations in the United Kingdom. It is a membership organisation which aims to promote legal and social equality for LGBT people in England and Wales. CHE was one of the two main English gay rights organisations of the 1970s, along with the [[Gay Liberation Front]], but during the 1980s and 1990s organisations such as [[OutRage!]] and [[Stonewall (UK)]] became more influential. CHE had 2,800 members and 60 local groups by 1972. At its peak in the middle 1970s it was claiming 5,000 members and some 100 local groups. By the 1990s its membership had diminished.

CHE's activities included pressing for law reforms, providing educational material for use in schools, and attempting to influence the provision of medical, psychiatric and social services. Since the 1980s, CHE has continued to campaign, although with reduced membership the range of its activities have been greatly reduced.

The 2018 Annual Conference authorised the Executive Committee to explore ways forward for CHE, including possibly partnership with another organisation, and/or the transformation of CHE into a grant-awarding trust. The 2019 Conference authorised the EC to proceed with the formation of a 'trust' or equivalent to take over from CHE and be responsible for the marketing of ''Amiable Warriors''.<ref>https://c-h-e.org.uk/conference-decisions.shtml</ref>

CHE like other organisations largely suspended its operations in 2020, but during 2021, a Transition Team was set up, comprising CHE's Executive Committee and Trustees, to implement the 2019 Conference decision. A new Charitable Incorporated Organisation was then established called [[CHERT]] (CHE Research Trust). In 2022 it registered with the Charities Commission.<ref>https://c-h-e.org.uk/transition.shtml</ref>

==Beginnings==
CHE began in 1964 as the [[North Western Homosexual Law Reform Committee]] (NWHLRC), founded in [[Manchester]] by [[Allan Horsfall]] and [[Colin Harvey]]. The formal launch took place at a public meeting on 7 October 1964 at [[Church House, Manchester]]. After the [[Sexual Offences Act 1967]] came into force, the London-based Homosexual Law Reform Society was thought by many to have achieved its aims.

The NWHLRC, which in 1967 had already fallen out with [[Antony Grey]] of HLRS/[[Albany Trust]] over the northerners' wish to press ahead with the [[Esquire Clubs]] venture to establish member-run gay clubs, felt that much remained to be done, and named itself the '''Committee for Homosexual Equality''' (CHE) in 1969 with a view to becoming a national body for England and Wales, in co-operation with its counterpart north of the border, the [[Scottish Minorities Group]] (SMG).

Among CHE's leading members in this period were the writer and broadcaster [[Ray Gosling]], and the academic [[Michael Steed]]. Both continued to be Vice-Presidents of the organisation.

In 1972 a [[CHE London Information Centre]] (CHELIC) was opened in a basement in Great Wndmill Street, Soho.

Other early members included [[Martin Stafford]] and [[Paul Temperton]].

==Change to campaign==
[[File:Chemarch.png|thumb|left|CHE Equality March, 1974]]From April 1971 CHE's name changed once more, to the '''Campaign for Homosexual Equality''' (CHE).

It raised money to rent an office in Manchester and employ a full-time General Secretary, [[Paul Temperton]], and it set out to become a fully democratic "bottom-up" membership organisation.

In 1971 CHE members took part in the first major gay demonstration in London. On 28 August the Gay Day began in Hyde Park, followed by a march to Trafalgar Square, nominally to protest at the unequal [[age of consent]]. Between 500 and 1,000 marchers were reported to have attended.

In 1973 CHE held the first national gay rights conference in Morecambe (see below for a list of Conferences) <ref> https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/lsehistory/2023/06/23/the-archives-of-the-campaign-for-homosexual-equality/ Blog marking 50th Anniv of 1st National CHE Conference in 1973 </ref>.

In 1974 CHE organised a national Homosexual Equality Rally in London. [[Gay News]] reported that 2,500 attended <ref> Held 2 November 1974. Gay News issue 59 of 1974 </ref>.
The rally was supported by the women's movement and people from ethnic minorities. Where earlier actions had concentrated on legal protection from criminal persecution, this rally was part of gay and lesbian people starting to establish a distinct sexual identity. Those who turned out for the rally did so to support the extension of constitutional rights and universal values to lesbian and gay people. The following year, on 23 November 1975, a similar march and rally was held <ref> Gay News issue 84 Thousands on gay parade </ref>.

CHE, together with its Scottish (SMG) and Northern Irish (USFI) equivalents, produced a draft Law Reform Bill in 1975
and devoted much energy to lobbying parliamentarians to introduce it. Among other things, the Bill would have brought about a common age of consent of 16 for all sexual behaviour, something not in fact achieved until many years later. In December 1975 CHE published the first edition of 'Youth News' about the CHE Teenage Movement. It was produced by Trevor Locke, Tel Airs, Tony Hancock and Mike Imber <ref> CHE Youth News vol 1 no 1 December/January </ref>.

In 1979 CHE's head office was moved to London <ref> 'CHE Headquarters leaves Manchester' Gay News issue 173 23 Aug 1979 </ref>.

==Derek Oyston legacy==

In 2005 [[Derek Oyston]], a CHE member from Gateshead, left a substantial amount of money to CHE. The Executive then consulted with the membership about the possibility of applying for charitable status.<ref name=CHEAR5-6>CHE Annual Report, 2005&ndash;2006</ref> but it was decided not to pursue this route as it would have made it difficult for CHE to conduct political campaigns.<ref name=CHEAR6->CHE Annual Report, 2006&ndash;2007</ref>

==Recent events==
In 2010 CHE's Secretary [[Griffith Vaughan Williams]] died. He had been one of the most active members of the organisation for many years. Shortly before his death, he signed a contract for the [[Amiable Warriors|official history of CHE and its times]] to be written by [[Peter Scott-Presland]]. The first volume of the history was published in February 2015.

[[Allan Horsfall]], CHE's Life President, died in August 2012, and CHE held a well-attended event in [[Manchester Town Hall]] in his memory. [[Ray Gosling]], another of the founders, died in November 2013.

On 7 October 2014, to commemorate [[CHE 50th anniversary|CHE's 50th anniversary]], a plaque was unveiled by the Bishop of Manchester and the Lord Mayor of Manchester at [[Church House]], the offices of the [[Anglican]] Diocese of Manchester, where the first NWHLRC meeting had been held in 1964.<ref>http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/071071025-gay-rights-plaque-unveiled-manchester-movements-50th-birthday-%E2%80%93-bishop-warns</ref> The same evening, CHE received the 2014 Alan Turing Memorial Award as part of the Homo Heroes Awards ceremony organised by the [[Lesbian and Gay Foundation]].<ref>http://www.mancunianmatters.co.uk/content/081071040-i-need-homo-hero-manchesters-lgbt-stars-honoured-awards</ref>

==CHE conferences==

CHE has been holding annual conferences since 1973:

*1973: [[Morecambe]]<ref>John Chartres, "Homosexuals seek revision of discriminatory laws", ''The Times'' 9 April 1973</ref>
*1974: [[Malvern]]; the conference "signalled a formal coalescence between the separate strands represented by GLF and CHE, and CHE's formal commitment to a policy of militant reformism".<ref>Jeffrey Weeks, ''Coming out: homosexual politics in Britain, from the nineteenth century to the present''. London: Quartet Books. ISBN 0-7043-3175-6. page 212.</ref>
*1975: [[Sheffield]]  
*1976: [[Southampton]]
*1977: [[Nottingham]]
*1978: [[Coventry]]
*1979: [[Brighton]]
*1980: [[York]]
*1981: [[Durham]]
*1982: [[Sheffield]]

In recent years the Conference has been a one-day event in London.

==Local groups==

''For more information see [[List of CHE Groups]]''

CHE's local groups throughout England and Wales were often highly independent, producing their own newsletters giving details of social and campaigning activities in their own area. Local groups and members had input into CHE policy through the National Council, which met quarterly at different venues through the country, and was composed of CHE members elected by the whole membership. Annual conferences also continued to be held; these were major, multifaceted events covering a long bank-holiday weekend and can be seen in hindsight as key moments in the struggle for gay rights in Britain.

The national organisation later decided that the running of local groups was no longer part of CHE's core function—a decision that was by no means universally supported by the membership. Thereafter many of the groups continued as independent bodies, often with names such as "The xxx Area Gay Society". Following the splitting-off of the local groups, CHE gradually ceased to be a mass-membership organisation, and other groups such as [[Stonewall (UK)|Stonewall]] and [[OutRage!]] have become more prominent in the UK campaign for gay rights.

==Publications==
CHE produced a national newsletter from 1969 to 1971: this gave rise to the ''CHE Bulletin'', which ran from 1971 to 1974; also, the CHE Magazine Working Party (set up in 1971) produced ''[[Lunch]]'' from 1971 to 1974. From 1975 to 1976 CHE published ''CHE Broadsheet''. Between 1976 and 1977 a newspaper called ''[[Out]]'' was produced. From December 1975 CHE's Teenage Movement produced 'Youth News'. This ran until 1977.

One-off publications include:
*''Attacks on Gay People: A Report of the Commission on Discrimination'' (A5 booklet, c.1980}
*''Homosexuality: Calling for Honesty in Education'' (A5 booklet, c.1987)

The history of CHE is being written by [[Peter Scott-Presland]] with the general title of ''[[Amiable Warriors]]''. Volume One was published in 2015, and two further volumes are planned.

==Friend==
[[London Friend]] was set up in London in 1971 as a CHE taskforce intended to become CHE's counselling arm.
It became a successful organisation in its own right, and was separated from CHE in 1975.

==Awards and donations==

In 2006 CHE began discussions with [[GALHA]] about a possible awards ceremony to follow on from the discontinued [[Mike Rhodes Awards]].<ref name=CHEAR5-6 /> This led to the inauguration of the [[Derek Oyston Achievement Award]], given on two occasions, in 2009 and 2011. The [[Derek Oyston Film Award]] was awarded annually from 2009 to 2013. CHE has also on several occasions helped to support the Pre-launch for [[LGBT History Month]].

==President and Vice-Presidents==

Allan Horsfall was President of CHE until his death. That post was vacant in 2021.

Honorary Vice-Presidents in 2021 were:

*[[Martin Bowley]] QC
*[[Lord Cashman of Limehouse]]
*Dame [[Margaret Drabble]]
*[[Baroness Kennedy of The Shaws]]
*[[Lord Smith of Finsbury]]
*[[Michael Steed]]

Previous Vice-Presidents have included:

*[[Ray Gosling]]
*[[Peter Hain]]
*Very Rev [[Alfred Jowett]]
*Sir [[Angus Wilson]]
*Dr [[Tony Cross]]
*Dr [[Jonathan Miller]]

==Transition to charitable status==
During 2021 the Transition Team, comprising the CHE Executive and Trustees has been meeting monthly to plan the transition to a CIO ([[CHERT]]) to take over the organisation's funds.

==External links==
*http://www.c-h-e.org.uk Official CHE web site
*http://www.manchester.gov.uk/site/scripts/documents_info.php?documentID=398 History of Gay Rights campaigning in Manchester
*http://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20120701220048/http://www.gaymonitor.co.uk/chehistory1.htm Unofficial history of CHE by [[Ray Gosling]]

==Archive==
*[[Hall-Carpenter Archives]]: http://archives.lse.ac.uk/TreeBrowse.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&field=RefNo&key=HCA%2FCHE Catalogue of the papers of the Campaign for Homosexual Equality at the London School of Economics Archives Division (http://www.lse.ac.uk/library/archive/Default.htm)

==References==
<references>

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[[Category:SLAGO]]
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