John Henry Newman
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John Henry Newman (1801–1890) was an Anglican priest who converted to Roman Catholicism and was made Cardinal. He wrote a number of theological books, and a defence of his life, Apologia pro Vita Sua.
In the 1830s, as Vicar of St Mary's, Oxford, and Fellow of Oriel College, Newman was one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement, which sought to emphasise the Catholic aspects of the Church of England. However he began to feel uncomfortable within the Anglican Church, and in 1845 he was received into the Roman Catholic Church, which caused a break with many of his family and friends and exile from his beloved Oxford. The next year he was ordained as a Catholic priest.
